President Elect Trump and EPA director rightfully skeptical of consensus climate scientists claims
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SAN JOSE, CALIFORNIA – 3 Aug, 2017 – The following is the opinion of Kelleher & Associates Environmental Mgmt LLC as to why the earth’s atmosphere had been warming since 1860 amidst a rapid glacial retreat starting in 1970:
President Trump, Congress, NASA, NOAA, EPA, Governor Brown and interested parties:
I am among the country’s top environmental engineers and have been used extensively over the past several decades by the California Courts as a neutral fact finder who helps case special masters and litigating parties resolve legal disputes over who is liable for legacy pollution of contaminated properties without the need for trial. Within this role I am provided many linear feet of technical reports, pleadings, case summaries, expert witness reports, etc. I conduct a dispassionate unbiased review of the data and provide the case special masters and litigating parties with concise unbiased conclusions and recommendations that cannot be used at trial. Given all that is at stake and because it is right up my alley, I felt a moral and professional obligation to apply my experience as a neutral fact finder on scientific data to the vitally important question at hand.
This is my third press release on the subject all giving notice that when viewed objectively by a neutral fact finder, the scientific evidence is showing that the current period of rapid global warming and rapid glacial retreat that has occurred since 1970 is the predictable result of the unusually high incidence of gigantic solar flares striking the earth and shredding the ozone layer above the Arctic over this same period. I found only weak, ambiguous, circumstantial evidence in support of ardent claims that human activities including emissions of CO2 from burning fossil fuels are causing today’s rapid climate change; this evidence would not stand up in court against what I am presenting below. This press release is intended to be more to the point and easier for the public to understand, and hopefully more convincing.
Background – In 1984, climate scientists discovered a huge seasonal hole in the outer atmosphere’s ozone layer directly above the South Pole and have been monitoring its strength and dimensions since then. In late 2003 and early 2004, NASA discovered that a second massive but less intense hole had opened over the Arctic as the direct result of gigantic solar flares striking the earth in 2003. Climate scientists have been monitoring its strength and dimensions since about 2010 and have developed a model that recreates atmospheric ozone distribution back to 1979. This model shows a large hole opening in 1991 that lasted through 1993. The earth was hit by four gargantuan X-12 ozone-depleting flares in June 1991. The ozone layer protects earth from the harmful effects of the enormous amounts of high-energy ultraviolet (UV) light arriving from the sun by reacting with it. While climate scientists have led the public to believe that these holes are caused in large part by human activity (air pollution), NASA and NOAA have evidence that the ozone holes above the poles are more likely primarily the result of an extremely high incidence of gigantic ozone-depleting solar flares striking the earth commencing with four giants in 1972, peaking with twelve giants in 2003, and continuing at high frequency through 2015.
Key Findings
As just explained, there is compelling circumstantial evidence that the ozone layer above the Arctic was decimated to varying degrees by the high incidence of gigantic solar flares that struck earth from 1972 to 2015.
There is hard scientific evidence of an extraordinarily high incidence of gigantic solar flares striking or passing near earth between 1970 and 2015, and similarly at the very end of the last ice age – Please see my attached sketch and related data summary for 1856 through 2015 showing documented X-Category (massive) solar flares striking earth plotted against ground-level temperatures using a trend graph prepared by the Hadley Centre and Climate Research Unit; it suggests an obvious cause and effect relationship. According to SpaceweatherLive.com and/or NASA data there were four giants in 1972, two in 1978, three in 1982, two in 1984, two in 1986, seven in 1989, one in 1990, four in 1991, two in 1997, two in 1998, three in 2000, one in 2001, and twelve in 2003 ending with a colossal X-28, the largest ever measured. They kept coming; there were two in 2004, three in 2005, four in 2006, one in 2011, two in 2012, four in 2013, five in 2014, and one in 2015. An X-20 flare is 20 times more powerful than an X-1.
In a paper titled, Unusual Activity of the Sun during Recent Decades Compared to the Previous 11,000 years, S. K. Solanki, et al, have reached the following conclusions from data obtained from high-precision 14C analyses on decadal samples of mid-latitude tree-ring chronologies: “According to our reconstruction, the level of solar activity during the past 70 years is exceptional, and the previous period of equally high activity occurred more than 8,000 years ago [and also at the very end of the last Ice Age 11,100 to 11,000 years ago]. We find that during the past 11,400 years the sun spent only in the order of 10% of the time at a similarly high level of magnetic activity and almost all of the earlier high-activity periods were shorter than the present episode.” NATURE, vol 431, Oct 28, 2004, www.nature.com/nature. Assuming what Solanki et al are saying in their extremely important study is statistically correct, the current period of rapid-climate-warming stemming from high sun-spot activity is very likely either already over or will be ending soon.
What’s more, the Solanki, et al investigations provided hard scientific data showing a conspicuous period of extremely high sun-spot activity 11,100 to 11,000 years ago at the very end of the last ice age. This is of the utmost significance in putting the current climate trend in proper historic perspective.
There is hard scientific evidence that these gigantic solar flares shred the protective ozone layer over the Arctic and that the effects can last for up to five months from an X-28 event – Quoting NASA, September 30, 2005: “The large solar storms in October–November 2003 produced enormous solar proton events (SPEs) where high energetic particles reached the Earth and penetrated into the middle atmosphere in the polar regions. . . . Very large values of [ozone-destroying] NOx in the upper stratosphere of 180 ppbv (parts per billion by volume) have been measured. . . Arctic lower mesospheric (upper stratospheric) ozone is reduced by 50–70% (30–40%) for about two weeks after the SPEs. . . large amounts of NOx were observed until the end of December. . . Significant ozone depletion was observed inside the polar vortex in a wide altitude range during this period. From mid-January until the end of March 2004, MIPAS observed extraordinary high values of NO2 in the upper stratosphere of the northern polar region (mean in-vortex values up to 350 ppbv at 54 km), which seem to be caused by the unusually strong vortex and downward transport at that time together with an uncommonly large auroral activity starting with the solar storms in October–November and continuing over the winter. In-vortex ozone was observed to significantly decline in the mid-February to late March period.” H. Jackman, et al, NASA Goddard Space Flight Center, Observation of NOx enhancement and ozone depletion in the Northern and Southern Hemispheres after the October–November 2003 solar proton events.
With the Arctic ozone layer in this weakened state, there were intermittent M-Category flares through October 2004 followed by barrages of gigantic X-Category flares in November 2004 (X-2 and X2.5) and January 2005 (X-1.2, X-3, and X-7).
The ozone-depleting effects on the amount of radiation entering the lower atmosphere and earth’s surface have yet to be modeled or quantified by NASA or NOAA.
There is hard scientific evidence that even relatively small X-Category or M-Category solar flares sometimes if not always create large cracks, holes and/or weak spots in the earth’s protective magnetic fields particularly over the Arctic and that the holes stay open for at least a few days – Quoting NASA, April 10, 2017: “Solar storms often include an eruption on the sun called a coronal mass ejection, or CME. . . . When these particles and the magnetic disturbances encounter Earth’s magnetic field, they interact in a series of complex physical processes, and trigger perturbations in the Earth’s magnetic field. Those perturbations are called geomagnetic storms. The interactions may cause unstable patches of excess electrons in the ionosphere, an atmospheric region starting about 50 miles (80 kilometers) above Earth’s surface that already contains ions and electrons. The 2014 geomagnetic storm was a result of two powerful Earth-directed CMEs [the largest solar flare in 2014 was in December at X-1.8]. The storm initially produced patches of extra electrons in the ionosphere over northern Greenland, as usual. But just south of these patches, the scientists were surprised to find broad areas extending 300 to 600 miles (500 to 1,000 kilometers) where the electrons were ‘almost vacuumed out,’. . . . These areas [called X-Spots or Reconnection Sites] remained depleted of electrons for several days.”
For more information, visit: https://www.nasa.gov/feature/jpl/solar-storms-can-drain-electrical-charge-above-earth.
There is documentation that even small M-Category-flare magnetic-field disruption can allow massive amounts of thermal energy in various forms including plasma and cosmic rays to enter the troposphere: “The sun’s warm glow can sometimes turn menacing. Solar storms can shoot plasma wrapped in bits of the sun’s magnetic field into space, sweeping past Earth and disabling satellites, causing widespread blackouts, and disrupting GPS-based navigation. Now, a new study suggests that one such “coronal mass ejection” in 2015 [June 21, 2015, M-3] temporarily weakened Earth’s protective magnetic field, allowing solar plasma and radiation from the same storm to more easily reach the atmosphere and be detected on earth the next day.”
For more information, visit: http://www.sciencemag.org/news/2016/10/solar-storms-can-weaken-earth-s-magnetic-field.
The magnetic-field-shattering effects on the amount of radiation entering the lower atmosphere and earth’s surface have yet to be modeled or quantified by NASA or NOAA.
There is compelling circumstantial evidence for the period 1970 through 2016 that an unusually high influx of solar and cosmic radiation entered the troposphere within the Arctic polar vortex – Quoting from one of many reliable sources: “The Arctic is a region in transformation. Warming in the region has been amplified . . . with the rate of warming observed to be 0.60 ± 0.07? C per decade in the Arctic (>64? N) compared to 0.17? C per decade globally during the last three decades. . . . In particular, the sea ice extent has been declining at the rate of >3.8% per decade, whereas the perennial ice (represented by summer ice minimum) is declining at a much greater rate of >11.5% per decade. Spring snow cover has also been observed to be declining by −2.12% per decade for the period 1967–2012. The Greenland ice sheet has been losing mass at the rate of >34.0 Gt per year (sea level equivalence of 0.09 mm/year) during the period from 1992 to 2011, but for the period 2002–2011, a higher rate of mass loss of >215 Gt per year has been observed. . . . Increases in permafrost temperature have also been measured in many parts of the Northern Hemisphere while a thickening of the active layer that overlies permafrost and a thinning of seasonally frozen ground has also been reported.” J. C. Comiso and D. K. Hall, Climate Trends in the Arctic as Observed From Space, WIREs Clim Change 2014, 5:389–409. Please note that the spurts of rapid glacial retreat in 1992 and 2002 are concurrent with an increased frequency (pulses) of giant solar-flare impacts (see above and attached).
Based on the above considerations, rapid Arctic warming should not be considered amplified global warming because the Arctic polar vortex is more aptly considered the heart of the problem. Accordingly, in furthering my case for an unusually high influx of solar energy into the troposphere within the Arctic polar vortex since 1970, I am categorically citing here without providing specific references to the huge amount of climate science research results providing scientific proof of what climate scientists inappropriately call “polar or Arctic amplification.”
Recommendations – All things considered, NASA and NOAA should not be allowing unproven claims on atmospheric CO2 greenhouse effects to drive important U.S. government and state decision-making on climate change without further investigations. Instead, to more fully understand what’s happening at the heart of the problem, I strongly recommend that NASA/NOAA build a climate model that is focused just on climate change within the Arctic polar vortex. To keep things simple, this model should take 1970 as the baseline and then input the solar and cosmic irradiance increases that have occurred since then as the earth was near-continuously bombarded with the same type of ozone-depleting, magnetic-field-cracking gigantic solar flares that appear to have ended the last ice age 11,000 years ago. The only CO2 increases that need to be factored in are the feedback effects of ground-level greenhouse-gas generation along Arctic melt lines. Forget the global CO2 increases in the atmosphere because there is no evidence they are causing any significant warming in the Arctic. To see evidence of the regional greenhouse effect, please watch this NASA video depicting CO2 off-gassing along/near the melt line during the start of the 2015 melt season (April through May 2015): https://www.nasa.gov/feature/goddard/2016/eye-popping-view-of-co2-critical-step-for-carbon-cycle-science. In watching this video, please bear in mind that the earth was hit by X-Category solar flares on September 10, 2014 (X-1.6), November 7, 2014 (X-1.6), December 19, 2014 (X-1.8) and March 11, 2015 (X-2.2). I am good naturedly characterizing the strained narration accompanying this NASA video as “fake news.”
NASA, NOAA and EPA should have their key scientists carefully review these findings and in the aftermath make appropriate recommendations to those in charge of the relevant programs. This supersedes my prior recommendations.
I warrant that I have conducted my investigations impartially and believe my conclusions are sufficiently supported by valid scientific evidence to stand up in a court of law.
Disclaimer – This press release contains the personal opinions of an American citizen based on his understanding of technical data and his experience as a neutral court consultant. Despite my professional standing, I am not claiming to be a professional engineer nor a consulting engineer given where I reside. California, unlike the rest of the country, does not grant licenses to environmental engineers given a long-standing preference by its licensing board to rely primarily on state-registered geologists to protect the state’s lands, indoor air and waters.
Sincerely,
Brian T Kelleher
Principal, Kelleher & Associates Environmental Mgmt, LLC
San Jose, CA 95121
bkellehr@ix.netcom.com
408-677-3307
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Company Name: Kelleher & Associates Environmental Mgmt LLC
Contact Person: Brian Kelleher
Email: bkellehr@ix.netcom.com
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